Page 3 of 18
March 2001
Fibre Channel: Why another interface?
The bus approach
A bus usually operates in a closed, structured, and predictable
environment where the host knows all of the devices that can
communicate with it in advance. A bus is designed to transfer large
amounts of data between the host and an individual peripheral device.
These data transfers can be many thousands of bytes in size. Because the
transfer occurs over a direct one-to-one connection, it is fast and has
inherently low error rates. Any needed error detection and correction is
handled in hardware; very little intervention by the system CPU is required.
The familiar SCSI bus, often used to connect tape drives and libraries to
servers, is a parallel data bus that uses multiple lines to transmit blocks of
data in multi-bit pulses. In addition to multiple lines for transferring data, a
parallel data bus includes lines carrying signals that define the type of
information on the data bus and signals that take care of flow control
messaging between the system and the device. The SCSI standard
defines both the characteristics of the physical interface used to transfer
data and the signaling protocol used for device control.
During a parallel bus data transfer, the bits making up each data pulse,
along with error detection information, are transferred simultaneously from
the source to the target. Because the connection between the sending
device and the recipient is direct, the transmitted data bits arrive at their
destination in the same order as they were sent. This eliminates the need
for expensive processor overhead to reassemble the data stream and
makes data transmission extremely fast and reliable.
Over the years, the SCSI interface has evolved to provide ever-increasing
data transfer rates. The increased transfer rates are achieved either by
using a wider data bus (more parallel lines) to increase the number of data
bits that can be transferred at one time or by decreasing the amount of time
between successive data pulses (faster bus clock rate).
A SCSI bus transmits multiple bits of data over multiple parallel lines
SCSI
host bus
adapter
Control Signals
Data Bus
Server
Buffer
CDROM drive
Tape drive
Disk array
A SCSI bus provides fast,
relatively error-free transfer of
large amounts of data over a
dedicated connection
between a single server or
workstation and one or more
peripheral devices, such as
tape and disk drives.
p1
p2
p3
p4
p5
p6
p7
p8
p9
p10
p11
p12
p13
p14
p15
p16
p17
p18