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Fibre Channel: Why another interface?
March 2001
The Fibre Channel protocol defines five functional levels, which separate
the processes involved in data transmission from the processes involved in
high-level command set decoding. The first four levels (FC-0 through FC-3)
are concerned with the physical and logical mechanics of the data
transmission. The fifth level (FC-4) defines the mapping of device-specific
command protocols like SCSI onto the signaling and data transmission
protocols of the Fibre Channel interface. It is only at this level that the host
CPU and software become involved in decoding the bit patterns
representing the device-specific command set and performing higher-level
processes.
Three ways to connect
Fibre Channel supports three different logical or physical arrangements
(topologies) for connecting the devices into a network: point-to-point,
arbitrated loop, and switched fabric. In all of these topologies, a transmitter
node in one device sends information to a receiver node in another device.
The physical connection between devices varies from one topology to
another.
Fibre Channel performs data encoding, transport, flow control, and error
handling at the hardware level
High-level command protocol processing
SCSI
Mapping layer (FC-4)
IP
HIPPI
Others...
Frame/Sequence/Exchange
Protocol multiplexing
Flow control
Error detection/retransmission
Request-response coupling
Segmentation and reassembly
Link control and services
Composite transport,
network, and data link
layers (FC-2 and FC-3)
Encode-decode
Transmission speed
Media (copper, fiber optic)
Physical layers (FC-0
and FC-1)
The Fibre Channel protocol
separates the physical and
logical aspects of data
transfer that are common to
all devices on the network
from the device-specific,
high-level command
processing operations.
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